清楚地介紹那段歷史
'The Crusades: An Arab Perspective'
is a four-part documentary series telling the dramatic story of the crusades
seen through Arab eyes, from the seizing of Jerusalem under Pope Urban II in
1099, to its recapture by Salah Ed-Din (also known as Saladin), Richard the
Lionheart's efforts to regain the city, and the end of the holy wars in 1291. Part one looked
at the First Crusade and the conquest of Jerusalem. In part two, we
explored the birth of the Muslim revival in the face of the crusades. Part three examined
the Battle of Hattin, Saladin's siege of Jerusalem and the Third Crusade. And
the final episode tells the story of the Muslim liberation of the Holy Land and
the end of the crusades.
In 1193, Salah Ed-Din Al-Ayoubi,
known in the west as Saladin, fell ill and died, leaving the Ayyubid dynasty in
disarray. Six years earlier, he had defeated the Christian forces in the Battle
of Hattin and opened the way to the liberation of Jerusalem.
"The successors of Salah
Ed-Din ruled over Egypt, the Levant and Iraq. But they failed miserably, unlike
the founder of their family. Salah Ed-Din had gained his legitimacy, and that
of his state, by embracing the project of defending the Islamic nation and its
sanctities against crusaders. His successors relied on a policy of reaction.
They never took positive action, relying instead on peace initiatives,"
explains Qassem Abdu Qassem, head of history at Zaqaziq University.
